Solving Tips

Naked Single Technique: The Most Direct Sudoku Solving Method

2025-01-23 · 4 min read

Naked Single, also known as "Sole Candidate" or "Forced Digit", is the most basic and direct solving technique in Sudoku. The core concept is simple: when a cell has only one remaining candidate, that number is the answer.

Core Principle:
Sudoku rules require each cell to contain a digit from 1-9, with no repetition in the same row, column, or box. When elimination reveals that a cell can only contain one specific number, that number is the definite answer.
Naked Single Animation
Naked Single principle: After eliminating all other candidates, the remaining one is the answer

Before reading this article, we recommend understanding Sudoku naming conventions.

Why Is It Called "Naked"?

The Naked Single is called "naked" because the sole candidate is directly visible—you only need to look at the cell itself to see there's only one number left, without analyzing the entire row, column, or box. The answer is "naked" right there!

This contrasts with Hidden Single: Hidden Singles require examining the entire region to discover that a number can only go in one position, as the candidate is "hidden" among multiple possibilities.

Example: The Sole Candidate in R1C9

Let's look at a typical Naked Single example.

Naked Single Example - R1C9 has only candidate 4
Figure 1: R1C9 has only one candidate: 4
Open this example in calculator

Analysis Process

1 Observe the target cell: R1C9 is an empty cell. We need to determine what number can go there.
2 Check row constraints: Row 1 already contains 1, 5, and 8. These numbers cannot appear again in R1C9.
3 Check column constraints: Column 9 already contains 6, 7, and 9. These numbers are also eliminated.
4 Check box constraints: Box 3 (top-right 3×3 area) already contains 1 and 8, but these were already eliminated above. Other candidates in Box 3 further restrict possibilities.
5 Summary of eliminations: Combining row constraints (1, 5, 8), column constraints (6, 7, 9), and candidate interactions, R1C9 has only 4 remaining.
Conclusion:
Naked Single: R1C9 has only one candidate: 4.
Therefore R1C9 = 4.

Naked Single vs Hidden Single

Naked Single and Hidden Single are the two most basic techniques in Sudoku. Beginners often confuse them. Let's compare to understand the difference:

Comparison Naked Single Hidden Single
Focus Single cell Entire row/column/box
Identification Cell has only 1 candidate A number has only 1 position in the region
Candidate count Cell has exactly 1 candidate Cell may have multiple candidates
Difficulty Easier to spot (look at cell) Requires scanning entire region
Memory Tip:
  • Naked Single: Look at the cell → What can this cell be?
  • Hidden Single: Look at the number → Where can this number go?

Practical Tips

1. Use Candidate Notation

To effectively use Naked Singles, the most important thing is to correctly mark candidates. When you note all possible numbers for each empty cell, Naked Singles will automatically appear—cells with only one candidate are your answers.

2. Update Candidates Promptly

After filling in a number, remember to update candidates in related cells. This may create new Naked Singles:

  • Remove that number from other cells in the same row
  • Remove that number from other cells in the same column
  • Remove that number from other cells in the same box

3. Combine Both Techniques

In practice, Naked Singles and Hidden Singles are used alternately. After placing a number, both situations may occur, so use them flexibly.

Summary

Key points for Naked Single:

  • Identification: Cell has only one remaining candidate
  • Elimination sources: Numbers in the same row, column, and box
  • Difficulty level: Most basic technique; simple Sudokus are mainly solved with these two methods
  • When to use: After marking candidates, scan for cells with single candidates
Practice Now:
Start a Sudoku game and try using the Naked Single technique! We recommend starting with easy difficulty to master candidate notation first.